| Jesse Creel 2004-08-03, 6:50 pm |
| In my opinion this (PNAS | December 23, 2003 | vol. 100 | no. 26 |
15655-15660) and other research indicate that the stability of MVA used
as vaccine vectors is very questionable, possible loss or alteration of
vaccine components and/or a drift to virulence?
Similar for other vaccine vectors,--- salmonella, adenovirus, fowlpox
etc
To my knowledge no one is studying this possibly dangerous problem which
may reduce the safety and efficacy of vaccines, notably HIV-1 Vaccines,
that use various microbial vectors which are prone to various genetic
recombination, acguistion and lose events.
Peace Be With Us!
Jesse Creel
Vaccine Research Advocate
6072 Cartier Ave
New Orleans, LA 70122
USA
(504) 282-1353
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
PNAS | December 23, 2003 | vol. 100 | no. 26 | 15655-15660
EVOLUTION
Extensive gene gain associated with adaptive evolution of poxviruses
Aoife McLysaght_*__, Pierre F. Baldi___¶ and Brandon S.
Gaut_*__||
Departments of *Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and ¶Biological
Chemistry, Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, and School of
Information and Computer Science, university of California, Irvine, CA
92697
Communicated by Walter M. Fitch, university of California, Irvine, CA,
October 14, 2003 (received for review June 1, 2003)
Previous studies of genome evolution usually have involved one or two
genomes and have thus been limited in their ability to detect the
direction and rate of evolutionary change. Here, we use complete genome
data from 20 poxvirus genomes to build a robust phylogeny of the
Poxviridae and to study patterns of genome evolution. We show that,
although there has been little gene order evolution, there are
substantial differences between poxviruses in terms of genome content.
Furthermore, we show that the rate of gene acquisition is not constant
over time and that it has increased in the orthopox lineage (which
includes smallpox and vaccinia). We also tested for positive selection
on 204 groups of genes and show that a disproportionately high
proportion of genes in the orthopox clade are under positive selection.
The association of an increased rate of gene gain and positive selection
is indicative of adaptive genome evolution. Many of the genes involved
in these processes are likely to be associated with host–parasite
coevolution.
Abbreviations: NJ, neighbor-joining; MP, maximum parsimony.
Present address: Department of Genetics, Trinity College, Dublin 2,
Ireland.
|| To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bgaut@uci.edu.
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